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        <p><a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec">官网规范</a><br>  由于蓝牙设备在使用上有配对的流程，对于没有UI的设备来说，非常的不方便或是不安全。像Apple的Airpod，只要打开盒子，Apple的手机自动就弹出画面，只要点击一下就完成配对，非常的方便。<br>所以Google也在Android上搞了一个类似的东西，叫做Fast Pair。目前前几名的<a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/chipsets">蓝牙大佬</a>已经支持了。<br>  本文就介绍Google Fast Pair (GFPS) 的基本原理。</p>
<h1 id="基本原理"><a href="#基本原理" class="headerlink" title="基本原理"></a>基本原理</h1><p> 首先厂商需要到<a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/devices/?refresh=1">Nearby Devie</a>注册自己的支持Google Fast Pair的设备，Nearby Device会分配Modle ID 和public key 及private key给该设备。<br> 设备端通过BLE advertising广播自己的身份信息，当手机端发现搜索到的广播信息里表面设备支持GFPS，而且能认出该设备广播的modle ID的时候，就发起BLE连线到该设备，设备端发送其BR/EDR地址给手机，发送的数据是加密过的，手机拿到地址后发起BR/EDR连线，触发配对等流程，等BR/EDR连线都完成后，BLE连线就断开，整个Fast pair流程就结束。<br> 整个过程，只有手机在发现支持GFPS的设备的时候，询问用户是否要连线，用户只要点击一下就行。</p>
<h1 id="技术细节"><a href="#技术细节" class="headerlink" title="技术细节"></a>技术细节</h1><h2 id="角色定义"><a href="#角色定义" class="headerlink" title="角色定义"></a>角色定义</h2><h3 id="Seeker：手机端"><a href="#Seeker：手机端" class="headerlink" title="Seeker：手机端"></a>Seeker：手机端</h3><h3 id="Provider：设备端"><a href="#Provider：设备端" class="headerlink" title="Provider：设备端"></a>Provider：设备端</h3><h4 id="1-设备要首先要到Google-nearby-device去注册，这样Android才能识别出来。"><a href="#1-设备要首先要到Google-nearby-device去注册，这样Android才能识别出来。" class="headerlink" title="1. 设备要首先要到Google nearby device去注册，这样Android才能识别出来。"></a>1. 设备要首先要到Google nearby device去注册，这样Android才能识别出来。</h4><p>设备的TX power设定有讲究</p>
<h4 id="2-Power设定应该比较小，目标是离SP-1m内可被搜到-Google建议的设定方法："><a href="#2-Power设定应该比较小，目标是离SP-1m内可被搜到-Google建议的设定方法：" class="headerlink" title="2. Power设定应该比较小，目标是离SP 1m内可被搜到.Google建议的设定方法："></a>2. Power设定应该比较小，目标是离SP 1m内可被搜到.Google建议的设定方法：</h4><blockquote>
<p>The best way to determine the value is to measure the actual output of the device using an Android phone at 1 meter away, and then add 41 dBm to that. 41 dBm is the average signal strength loss that occurs over 1 meter.<br>Tx power 可以设定在广播包内，也可以设定在设备注册阶段就添上。<br>如果是在设备注册时就添上了Tx power的话，那所有的广播包都应该用这个Tx Power</p>
<h4 id="3-关于Key"><a href="#3-关于Key" class="headerlink" title="3. 关于Key"></a>3. 关于Key</h4><ol>
<li>反偷听的Public key 和private key（Anti-Spoofing Public/Private Key Pair）<br>Private Key是 256bits，建议保存在安全区域，避免泄露出去<br>Public Key在Seeker端才用得到</li>
<li>Account Key list<br>Account key是为了让Seeker能识别出来这个key是属于某个google账号的。</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="4-关于Advertising"><a href="#4-关于Advertising" class="headerlink" title="4.关于Advertising"></a>4.关于Advertising</h4><h5 id="在BR-EDR是discoverable时的Advertising设定："><a href="#在BR-EDR是discoverable时的Advertising设定：" class="headerlink" title="在BR/EDR是discoverable时的Advertising设定："></a>在BR/EDR是discoverable时的Advertising设定：</h5><ol>
<li>在广播包中要加入24bit module ID</li>
<li><strong>Advertising Inerval</strong> &lt;= 100ms</li>
<li>广播时要使用RPA address</li>
<li>Payload里要包含GFPS的service UUID：0xFE2C<h5 id="在BR-EDR是non-discoverable时的Advertising设定"><a href="#在BR-EDR是non-discoverable时的Advertising设定" class="headerlink" title="在BR/EDR是non-discoverable时的Advertising设定"></a>在BR/EDR是non-discoverable时的Advertising设定</h5></li>
<li>在广播包里加入 Account Key，这样Seeker在发现Provider有属于他认识的Account时，可以直接开始Fast Pair</li>
<li>Advertising Interval &lt;= 240ms</li>
<li>广播时也要用RPA地址</li>
<li>Pay load要包含 GFPS的Service UUID 和 Account key list</li>
<li>Account Key Filter<br>为了让Seeker能尽快识别出Provider的广播包里是否有Seeker认识的Account，Provider对Account Key List计算出一个Key filter，Seeker能根据这个filter很快识别出是否有他关心的Account，从而决定是否要发起连线。<br>这个算法的细节后续再加进来。</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="5-GATT-Service"><a href="#5-GATT-Service" class="headerlink" title="5. GATT Service"></a>5. GATT Service</h4><h5 id="5-1-必须有GFPS-Service"><a href="#5-1-必须有GFPS-Service" class="headerlink" title="5.1 必须有GFPS Service"></a>5.1 必须有GFPS Service</h5><div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Service</th>
<th>UIID</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Fast Pair Service</td>
<td>0xFE2C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>单元格</td>
<td>单元格</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>该Serviceyou如下的Charicterristic</p>
<div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:center">Fast Pair Service characteristic</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Encrypted</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Permissions</th>
<th style="text-align:center">UUID</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center">Key-based Pairing</td>
<td style="text-align:center">No</td>
<td style="text-align:center">Write and notify</td>
<td style="text-align:center">0x1234</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center">Passkey</td>
<td style="text-align:center">No</td>
<td style="text-align:center">Write and notify</td>
<td style="text-align:center">0x1235</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center">Account Key</td>
<td style="text-align:center">No</td>
<td style="text-align:center">Write</td>
<td style="text-align:center">0x1236</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h5 id="5-2-ATT-MTU-Size-Negotiation"><a href="#5-2-ATT-MTU-Size-Negotiation" class="headerlink" title="5.2 ATT MTU Size Negotiation"></a>5.2 ATT MTU Size Negotiation</h5><p>MTU 的size 应该是83，23 也是可以的。</p>
<h4 id="5-3-Characteristic-Key-based-Pairing"><a href="#5-3-Characteristic-Key-based-Pairing" class="headerlink" title="5.3 Characteristic: Key-based Pairing"></a>5.3 Characteristic: Key-based Pairing</h4><p>Provider和Seeker基于一把private key，每次出发pair，public key/private key pair都应该不一样</p>
<h4 id="5-4-Data-format"><a href="#5-4-Data-format" class="headerlink" title="5.4 Data format"></a>5.4 Data format</h4><div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Octet</th>
<th>Data type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Mandatory?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>0 - 1</td>
<td>uint128</td>
<td>Encrypted Request</td>
<td>varies</td>
<td>Mandatory</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>16 - 79    |Public Key|varies|Optional|</p>

      
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